British soldiers and officers watching a Chinese sniper or soldier dubbed 'Charlie Chan II', near the Pantheon Theatre, Shanghai, 1937

Chinese sniper, Pantheon Theatre, North Kiangse Road, Shanghai, 1937

British soldiers watching a Chinese soldier, Pantheon Theatre, North Kiangse Road, Shanghai, 1937

A Chinese soldier throwing a hand grenade, near the Pantheon Theatre, North Kiangse Road, Shanghai, 1937

Hand grenade exploding, thrown from the Pantheon Theatre, North Kiangse Road, Shanghai, 1937

Barricades and sandbag guard posts, Haining Road, Shanghai, 1937

An abandoned Chinese guard post, Zhabei, Shanghai, October 1937

British soldier and Japanese marine, Thibet Road and North Soochow Road, Shanghai, 1937

Japanese soldiers with a casualty on a stretcher, Shanghai North Railway Station, October 1937

Japanese marines by a barricaded gate near Sihang godown (四行仓库), Shanghai, 1937

Soldiers at a sandbagged guard post, Garden Bridge, the Bund, Shanghai, 1937

Chinese refugees in Nanshi, at Port de Nord gate to French concession, Shanghai, 1937

Jessfield Road Railway Bridge with barbed wire barricades, Shanghai, December 1937

Xishiku Cathedral (北堂), Beijing, after the siege, 1900

Fortified bridge on Legation Street, Peking

The house of Henry Cockburn, fortified during the siege, Peking

Legation Chancery, British Legation, Peking, with bomb shelter in garden

'The International Gun', an improvised cannon used during siege of the Legation Quarter, Peking

Reinforced outer wall, and water well, during siege of the Legation Quarter, Peking

Wall separating Chinese City from Tartar City, Peking